purdy



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. H. PURDY.

GRAIN DRILL.

N0. 435,769. Patented St2,1890.

.II l xl lll v MMM No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. H. PURDY.

GRAIN DRILL.

No. 435,769. Patented Sept. 2, 18:90.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES H. PURDY, OF EARL, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CORNELIUS S.VAN YVYCK, OF SAME PLACE.

GRAIN-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 435,769, datedSeptember 2, 1890.

Application filed May l2, 1890. Serial No. 351,368. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES Il. PURDY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Earl, in the county of Yates and State of New York, haveinvented certain new an d uscfullni p ro vements in Grain-Drills; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention7 snch as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention consists in an improvement in drill-teeth which areprovided with a lowdown plow at their lower ends, and are adapted toscatter the wheat or other grain as it passes into the ridges orfurrows, and also are provided with means for covering the graindeposited in the furrows, as will be hereinafter described andspecifically claimed.

In the accompanying dra-wings,Fignrel is a vertical central section ofone of my improved drill-teeth and an elevation of the covering device.Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, illustrating the position thecoverer assumes While the drill proper is being backed. Fig. 3 is aninverted plan View of the improved drill-tooth with its plow andcoverer.

A in the drawings represents the tubular part of a drilltooth, providedwith the usual bracket for hinging it to the drag-bar and a bracket atits rear for attaching a chain for elevating the tooth when necessary ornot in action. The upper part a of the tubular portion A is made flaringupwardly from oc to 0c and of uniform size from a: to 002, and from x2to :133 downwardly it is made tapering. This tapered portion is producedby making the front surface of the passage through the drilltoothperpendicular, or nearly so, with the surface of the ground, and theback surface of said passage inclined backwardly with respect to saidfront surface, as illustrated in the drawings. In its horizontal sectionthe passage of the drill-tooth from the pointoc2 to m3, or from thepoint a to the point m3, or from m5 to ac3, preferably, is oblong in atransverse direction, the form being preferably that shown in Fig. 3,this form giving the oblong discharging-opening the greatest width atthe rear of the passage and insuring the scattering of the grain to theextent desired, and at the same time an external form to thedrill-tooth, which adapts it for the application thereto of a low-downfurrow or drill-opening plow B, as will be presently described. By

' forming the angle in the passage of the portion A at the point- 032the grain in passing down through the passage and against the surfaceincluded between :r x2, or a; x2 033, or, preferably, from x5 to x3, iscaused to be deflected backward, and thus to be scattered to the fullwidth of the passage before it passes out at the point and thus allbunching of the grain in the furrow or drill-row is perfectly avoided,vand by making the passage wider transversely than longitudinally belowthe point as shown in the drawings, ample room is afforded for thescattering and diffusion of the grain in its passage to the furrow ordrill-row.

At the front lower extremity of the portion A a strong bearing andsupporting triangular lug a is cast or provided. This lug preferably hasits front edge standing oblique to a perpendicular line, and it projectsfar enough forward to serve by its end and Oblique sides as an abutmentand bearing forV the low-down plow B, as shown. The low-down plow is ofV form approximately, or other analogous shape, with its edge or bottomparallel with the ground and its central ridge-like upright portionsharp from top to bottom. The oblique wings b l) of this plow extendbackward beyond the discharging end of the tubular portion A aconsiderable distance, and thereby form a large receiving-chamber 5below, forward of, and in rear of the discharging' end of said tubularportion A, as illustrated in the drawings. This low-down plow has itssupport against the front oblique portion h of the tubular portion A,and also against the end and sides of the abutmentlug a, and is boltedto the portion A by one or two rivetbolts c, as shownin the drawings. Byforming simply the bracket-lug a, instead of making the metal solid outto the plow from x2 to Q03, lightness is secured and also useless wasteof metal avoided, and at the same time the plow is sustained by thisabutment-lugin connectionwiththesupport above, on which it bears as rmlyas required. The plow in passing through the ground cuts away allobstructions by being sharp at its front central or ridge-like portion,and it forms a horizontal broad drill row or furrow for the reception ofthe grain, the bottom of said furrow being level on account of the .baseor sole of the plow ruiming on a horizont-alplane, as illustrated in thedrawings. In rear of the drill-tooth atoothed or fingered coverer C ispivoted, it being connected to brackets d of said tubular portion A. Theiingers or teeth `e are formed on a V-shaped body portion f, and theyare divergent right and left from the line of draft, so as to pass overthe whole width of the furrow which is to be covered. The teeth orfingers e are curved-that is, the front sides of these fingers or teethare concave from their points g to g', and their rear sides arecorrespondingly convexed, as shown. This coverer articulates freely onits pivot-connection d and acts Similarly to harrow or rake teeth, andas the drill passes over the ground it comminutes or breaks up the earthand draws the same over the grain in the furrow in aperfect manner, andin case of any obstruction, as a stump or other object coming in contactwith its fingers or teeth, it rises and passes over the same and againfalls to its proper position.

By referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings, another important operation ofthe coverer will be seen. In this figure the drill-tooth is representedas having been backed sufficiently to causethe convex sides of the teethof the coverer to come in con tact with the surface of the ground andthe drill-tooth vto have been thrown upward at its point, and the partshaving assumed this position the drill proper can be backed to anyextent desired without any obstruct-ion from the coverers, the teeth ofsaid coverers serving in the position shown in Fig. 2 an office similarto that served by sleigh-runners, they allowing the drill-teeth to ridebackward upon them. As soon as the drill proper is Yagain startedforward each coverer resumes its normal position.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The tubular portion A of adrill-tooth, formed with the angular surface between and x3 on its innerfront wall, substantially as described. y

2. The tubular portion A of a drill-tooth, formed with abackWardly-deflecting surface between the points 01:2 003, substantiallyas described.

3. The tubular portion A of the drill-tooth, formed with a:downwardly-flared backwardly-deiecting surface and with a passage ofYVan oblong form in transverse section near the distributing end of saidtubular portion, substantially as described.

4. `The tubular portion A of a drill-tooth,

provided with an abutment-lug at its front,

lower end portion, substantially as described. 5. The combination of thedouble-winged sharp-edged plow with the tubular portion A of adrill-tooth, said plow bearing against the abutment and attached to theportion A above said abutment and having its base parallel with thehorizon and its wings extended considerably below and in rear of thedistributing end of said tubular portion, substantially as described. v

6. 'Ihe coverer hinged by its upper end to the drill-tooth and havingAits teeth formed with a front concave surface and a convexcurved orsleigh-ruuner-shaped rear surface from their points to a suitabledistance upward, the point on which the coverer swings backward andforward being at such an altitude with respect to the length of thecoverer and locatedY so that theV teeth of the coverer are compelled toswing forward with their rear curved surface in contact with the groundduring any backward movement of the drilltooth and thus made to serve asrunners for the tooth to ride on during its backward movement,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

JAMES H. PURDY.

Witnesses:

WM. S. CoRNwELL, A. C. HARwIoK.

